Gaseificação de carvões nacionais com vapor de água visando a produção de gás de síntese

Abstract

The steam gasification of Brazilian coal chars, subbituminous and bituminous, were investigated using a thermobalance in a temperature range of 1073-1173 K and pressure range of 1-20 bar. The operating variables used were in agreement with differential reactor and free diffusion limitations. The coal char samples were characterized, and the effects of temperature, total system pressure, parcial pressure and hidrogen on the kinetics of steam gasification were determined. The non-reactive core model was the one that best described the gasification reactions, at conditions studied, for conversions between 5-80%. For these coals and temperature range studied between 800 and 900 ° C, 1 bar, the activation energies were found to be 119.2 kJ?mol-1 and 170 kJ?mol-1 and pre-exponential factor were determined to be 4,10?105 e 4,55?103 min-1, respectively. Based on these parameters was determined the coal reactivity: CMRS-02 > CMSC-04 > CMSC-02 > CMSC-01. The higher reactivity for coal CMRS-02 was ascribed to the coal rank and vitrinite content. Regarding the effect of temperature, total pressure of the system and parcial pressure of steam on the reaction rate, the results showed that these effects were higher for bituminous coals, as the rank coal has more influence on the rate of reaction. The presence of hidrogen strongly inhibits the char-steam gasification reactions. The gases formed were H2, CO2and CO and the molar ratio H2/CO between 1,5 and 2 indicates that the syngas produced is promising for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.